Từ vựng:

1. Economy (/ɪˈkɒnəmi/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Kinh tế
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The system or range of economic activity in a country, region, or community.
– Ví dụ: The global economy has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic.
2. Inflation (/ɪnˈfleɪʃn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Lạm phát
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, and, subsequently, purchasing power is falling.
– Ví dụ: High inflation can lead to increased uncertainty in the economy.
3. Recession (/rɪˈseʃn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Suy thoái
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.
– Ví dụ: The country is sliding deeper into recession.
4. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (/ɡrəʊs dəˈmɛstɪk ˈprɒdʌkt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Tổng Sản phẩm Quốc nội
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The total value of all goods and services produced by a country in a given period.
– Ví dụ: China has the world’s second largest GDP, behind the United States.
5. Deficit (/ˈdɛfɪsɪt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Thâm hụt
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: An amount by which a sum falls short of some reference amount, especially the amount by which expenditures or liabilities exceed income or assets.
– Ví dụ: The government has run up the largest budget deficit in the nation’s history.
6. Devaluation (/diːˌvaljuˈeɪʃn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Mất giá
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: Reduction in the official value of a currency.
– Ví dụ: Some policymakers are considering a major devaluation of the dollar to boost exports.
7. Investment (/ɪnˈvɛstmənt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Đầu tư
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The action or process of investing money for profit or material result.
– Ví dụ: This project requires a large investment of time and effort.
8. Monopoly (/məˈnɒpəli/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Độc quyền
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.
– Ví dụ: The company has a virtual monopoly in this area of technology.
9. Privatization (/ˌprʌɪvətaɪˈzeɪʃn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Tư nhân hóa
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.
– Ví dụ: The move towards privatization has been a feature of recent economic policy.
10. Bankruptcy (/ˈbæŋkrʌptsi/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Phá sản
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The state of being completely lacking in a particular quality or value, especially caused by failing to pay debts.
– Ví dụ: Several major companies were on the brink of bankruptcy.
—