Từ vựng:

1. Itinerary (/aɪˈtɪnəreri/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Lịch trình
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A planned route or journey.
– Ví dụ: Our travel agency sent us a detailed itinerary two weeks before the trip.
2. Accommodation (/əˌkɑːməˈdeɪʃən/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Chỗ ở
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A place to live, work in, stay, etc.
– Ví dụ: We are going to book our flights and accommodation this weekend.
3. Destination (/ˌdes.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Điểm đến
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The place to which someone or something is going or being sent.
– Ví dụ: New Zealand is a popular holiday destination.
4. Backpacking (/ˈbækˌpæk.ɪŋ/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Đi phượt
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The activity of travelling or going camping while carrying your clothes and other things that you need in a backpack.
– Ví dụ: He spent a year backpacking around Africa.
5. Landmark (/ˈlændˌmɑːrk/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Địa danh nổi tiếng
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: An important place or building that is known and recognized easily.
– Ví dụ: The Eiffel Tower is a famous landmark in Paris.
6. Expedition (/ˌeks.pɪˈdɪʃ.ən/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Cuộc thám hiểu
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A journey organized for a particular purpose.
– Ví dụ: They’re planning an expedition to the Arctic.
7. Tourist (/ˈtʊr.ɪst/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Du khách
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: Someone who visits a place for pleasure and interest, usually while on holiday.
– Ví dụ: The city attracts millions of tourists every year.
8. Sightseeing (/ˈsaɪtˌsiː.ɪŋ/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Tham quan
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The activity of visiting places, especially places of historical interest, that are popular with tourists.
– Ví dụ: We spent the day sightseeing in Paris.
9. Journey (/ˈdʒɝː.ni/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Cuộc hành trình
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: An occasion when you travel from one place to another.
– Ví dụ: The journey takes five hours by car.
10. Passport (/ˈpæs.pɔːrt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Hộ chiếu
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: An official document that shows your identity and nationality when you travel to another country.
– Ví dụ: Don’t forget your passport or you won’t be able to travel.

Từ vựng:

1. Universe (/ˈjuːnɪvɜːrs/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Vũ trụ
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: All existing matter and space considered as a whole; the cosmos
– Ví dụ: Scientists are still exploring the mysteries of the universe.

2. Astronaut (/ˈæstrənɔːt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Phi hành gia
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A person who is trained to travel in a spacecraft.
– Ví dụ: Yuri Gagarin was the first astronaut to travel into space.

3. Orbit (/ˈɔːrbɪt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Quỹ đạo
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The curved path that a moon, planet, or spacecraft follows as it moves around a star, planet, or other celestial object.
– Ví dụ: The moon orbits the Earth approximately once every 27.3 days.

4. Galaxy (/ˈɡaləksi/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Ngân hà
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A huge collection of gas, dust, and billions of stars and their solar systems.
– Ví dụ: The Milky Way is our home galaxy.

5. Comet (/ˈkɒmɪt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Sao chổi
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A celestial object that orbits the sun, has a core of ice and rock, and often has a tail of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun.
– Ví dụ: Halley’s Comet appears in the inner parts of the Solar System every 76 years.

6. Meteor (/ˈmiːtiər/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Thiên thạch
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A small body of matter from space that enters the Earth’s atmosphere, becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light.
– Ví dụ: The Perseid meteor shower occurs every year in August.

7. Nebula (/ˈnebjʊlə/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Tinh vân
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A cloud of gas and dust in outer space, visible in the night sky either as an indistinct bright patch or as a dark silhouette against other luminous matter.
– Ví dụ: The Orion Nebula is one of the brightest nebulae visible to the naked eye in the night sky.
8. Supernova (/ˌsuːpərˈnəʊvə/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Siêu tân tinh
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The explosion of a star, resulting in an extremely bright, short-lived object that emits vast amounts of energy.
– Ví dụ: A supernova is the largest explosion that takes place in space.

9. Telescope (/ˈtɛlɪskəʊp/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Kính thiên văn
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: An instrument designed to make distant objects appear nearer, containing an arrangement of lenses or of curved mirrors and lenses.
– Ví dụ: Astronomers use telescopes to observe the stars and planets.

10. Satellite (/ˈsatəlaɪt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Vệ tinh
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: An artificial body placed in orbit around the Earth or Moon or another planet in order to collect information or for communication.
– Ví dụ: The weather forecast is based on data collected by weather satellites.

Từ vựng:

1. Innovation (/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Đổi mới.
– Definition in English: A new idea, method, or device.
– Example: The company is admired for its technological innovation.

2. Digital (/ˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Kỹ thuật số.
– Definition in English: Using or relating to digital signals and computer technology.
– Example: We’re living in a digital age where computers and smartphones are integral parts of our lives.

3. Artificial Intelligence (AI) (/ˌɑːr.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl ɪnˈtel.ɪ.dʒəns/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Trí tuệ nhân tạo.
– Definition in English: The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.
– Example: Artificial Intelligence is expected to revolutionise many areas, from cars to customer service.
4. Cyberspace (/ˈsaɪ.bər.speɪs/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Không gian mạng.
– Definition in English: The notional environment in which communication over computer networks occurs.
– Example: The government is taking steps to protect its infrastructure in cyberspace.
5. Cryptocurrency (/ˈkrɪptoʊˌkɝːrənsi/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Tiền ảo.
– Definition in English: A type of digital or virtual money that uses cryptography for security.
– Example: Bitcoin is the world’s first widely-adopted cryptocurrency.
6. Algorithm (/ˈæl.gə.rɪð.əm/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Thuật toán.
– Definition in English: A process or set of rules followed in calculations or problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.
– Example: Google uses a complex algorithm to determine the order of search results.
7. Cloud Computing (/ˈklaʊd kəmˈpjuːtɪŋ/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Đám mây tính toán.
– Definition in English: The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.
– Example: More businesses are moving their data storage and operations to cloud computing for increased efficiency and cost savings.
8. Blockchain (/ˈblɑːk.tʃeɪn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Chuỗi khối.
– Definition in English: A system in which a record of transactions made in bitcoin or another cryptocurrency is maintained across several computers linked in a network.
– Example: Blockchain technology provides a secure and transparent way to track transactions.
9. Gadget (/ˈgædʒ.ɪt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Đồ điện tử.
– Definition in English: A small mechanical or electronic device or tool.
– Example: He loves buying the latest tech gadgets.
10. Virtual reality (VR) (/ˈvɝː.tʃu.əl riˈæl.ə.t̬i/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Thực tế ảo.
– Definition in English: A simulated experience that can be similar to or completely different from the real world.
– Example: Virtual reality technology is growing rapidly and has many applications, from gaming to medical training.
Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word.
1. I’m always excited to see the latest —– in technology.
2. I think it’s fascinating how —– is changing the way we shop and communicate.
3. I read an interesting article about the potential of —- to mimic human thought processes.
4. We must pay more attention to security in —-, as cyber threats are increasing.
5. He has invested in several types of —–, including Bitcoin and Ethereum.
6. Can you explain how the —– for this program works?
7. The advantages of —- include reduced IT costs and greater flexibility.
8. His company is exploring how —- can be used to improve supply chain transparency.
9. This little —- can help you track your sleep pattern and physical activity.
10. With —-, you can experience a completely different world without leaving home.
Answers:
1. Innovation
2. Digital
3. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
4. Cyberspace
5. Cryptocurrency
6. Algorithm
7. Cloud Computing
8. Blockchain
9. Gadget
10. Virtual reality (VR)

Từ vựng:

1. Democracy (/dɪˈmɒkrəsi/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Dân chủ
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: Many nation today are struggling to develop a functional democracy.
2. Constitution (/ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃ(ə)n/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Hiến pháp
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: The fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: The U.S Constitution was written in 1787.
3. Politics (/ˈpɒlɪtɪks/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Chính trị
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: The activities associated with the governance of a country or area, especially the debate between parties having power.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: I’m really interested in politics, and I follow the news closely.
4. Legislation (/ˌlɛdʒɪsˈleɪʃən/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Pháp luật
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: Laws, considered collectively.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: The government is expected to introduce new legislation on immigration.
5. Diplomacy (/dɪˈpləʊməsi/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Ngoại giao
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: The profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations, typically by a country’s representatives abroad.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: The president preferred to use diplomacy to avoid a war.
6. Campaign (/kamˈpeɪn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Chiến dịch
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A series of operations intended to achieve a particular objective, confined to a particular area, or involving a specified type of fighting.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: The Green Party launched their election campaign today.
7. Republic (/rɪˈpʌblɪk/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Cộng hòa
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A state in which power rests with the citizens who vote and representatives elected by them.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: The United States is an example of a republic.
8. Parliament (/ˈpɑːlɪəm(ə)nt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Quốc hội
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: The highest legislature, consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: The British Parliament has two houses: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
9. Election (/ɪˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Cuộc bầu cử
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: They are campaigning for the upcoming election.
10. Government (/ˈɡʌv(ə)nm(ə)nt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Chính phủ
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: The governing body of a nation, state, or community.
– Câu ví dụ sử dụng từ vựng trong ngữ cảnh thực tế: The government is working on new policies to improve the education system.
Bài tập:
1. In a ___, power rests with the people who vote.
2. The ___, consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons, is the highest legislature in the UK.
3. Many people are interested in ___ because it involves the activities related to the governance of a country.
4. He is a ___ specialist and manages international relations for the country.
5. She is preparing for her election ___.
6. The U.S ___ was written in 1787.
7. The president has the power to veto any ___ that is passed by Congress.
8. The ___ of a nation is usually responsible for making decisions in the best interest of its people.
9. Most of the countries in the world today are striving to achieve true ___.
10. The political party’s main agenda is to win the upcoming ___.
Đáp án:
1. Republic
2. Parliament
3. Politics
4. Diplomacy
5. Campaign
6. Constitution
7. Legislation
8. Government
9. Democracy
10. Election

Từ vựng:

1. Economy (/ɪˈkɒnəmi/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Kinh tế
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The system or range of economic activity in a country, region, or community.
– Ví dụ: The global economy has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic.
2. Inflation (/ɪnˈfleɪʃn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Lạm phát
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, and, subsequently, purchasing power is falling.
– Ví dụ: High inflation can lead to increased uncertainty in the economy.
3. Recession (/rɪˈseʃn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Suy thoái
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: A period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.
– Ví dụ: The country is sliding deeper into recession.
4. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (/ɡrəʊs dəˈmɛstɪk ˈprɒdʌkt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Tổng Sản phẩm Quốc nội
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The total value of all goods and services produced by a country in a given period.
– Ví dụ: China has the world’s second largest GDP, behind the United States.
5. Deficit (/ˈdɛfɪsɪt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Thâm hụt
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: An amount by which a sum falls short of some reference amount, especially the amount by which expenditures or liabilities exceed income or assets.
– Ví dụ: The government has run up the largest budget deficit in the nation’s history.
6. Devaluation (/diːˌvaljuˈeɪʃn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Mất giá
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: Reduction in the official value of a currency.
– Ví dụ: Some policymakers are considering a major devaluation of the dollar to boost exports.
7. Investment (/ɪnˈvɛstmənt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Đầu tư
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The action or process of investing money for profit or material result.
– Ví dụ: This project requires a large investment of time and effort.
8. Monopoly (/məˈnɒpəli/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Độc quyền
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.
– Ví dụ: The company has a virtual monopoly in this area of technology.
9. Privatization (/ˌprʌɪvətaɪˈzeɪʃn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Tư nhân hóa
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.
– Ví dụ: The move towards privatization has been a feature of recent economic policy.
10. Bankruptcy (/ˈbæŋkrʌptsi/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Phá sản
– Nghĩa tiếng Anh: The state of being completely lacking in a particular quality or value, especially caused by failing to pay debts.
– Ví dụ: Several major companies were on the brink of bankruptcy.
—

Từ vựng:

1. Athlete (/ˈæθ.liːt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Vận động viên
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A person who is very good at sports or physical exercise.
– Câu ví dụ: She has the physique of a top-class athlete.

2. Coach (/kəʊtʃ/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Huấn luyện viên
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A person who trains a person or team in sport.
– Câu ví dụ: He’s a good tactician, and a very effective coach.

3. Championship (/ˈtʃæm.pi.ən.ʃɪp/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Giải vô địch
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A competition to find the best team or player in a particular game or sport.
– Câu ví dụ: They won the national championship two years running.

4. Team (/ti:m/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Đội
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A group of people who work together for a shared purpose, especially in sports.
– Câu ví dụ: Our team won the football match.

5. Stadium (/ˈsteɪ.di.əm/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Sân vận động
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A large closed area of land for outdoor sports, with rows of seats for spectators.
– Câu ví dụ: The Olympic Games were held at the new stadium.

6. Referee (/ˌref.əˈri:/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Trọng tài
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A person who makes sure that players follow the rules during a sports game.
– Câu ví dụ: The referee blew his whistle for half time.

7. Tournament (/ˈtɔː.nə.mənt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Giải đấu
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A series of games or competitions, when a number of competitors play and the one that remains after others have been unsuccessful is the winner.
– Câu ví dụ: They were knocked out of the tournament in the third round.

8. Score (/skɔːr/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Số điểm
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: The number of points someone gets when they successfully achieve something.
– Câu ví dụ: Rooney scored a goal just before half time.

9. Spectator (/ˈspek.teɪ.tər/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Khán giả
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: A person who observes or watches something, especially at a sporting event.
– Câu ví dụ: Ten thousand spectators turned out to watch the game.

10. World Cup (/wɜːld kʌp/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Cúp thế giới
– Giải thích nghĩa bằng tiếng Anh: An international sports event, especially the international football competition held every four years.
– Câu ví dụ: Brazil has won the World Cup five times.

Từ vựng:

1. Melody (/ˈmel.ə.di/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: giai điệu
– Giải thích nghĩa: A sequence of satisfying musical notes that make up the main part of a song or piece of music.
– Câu ví dụ: “The melody of that song is so catchy.”
2. Harmony (/ˈhɑːr.mə.ni/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: hòa âm
– Giải thích nghĩa: The combination of different musical notes played or sung at the same time to produce a pleasing sound.
– Câu ví dụ: “The harmony in the chorus of that song is beautiful.”
3. Beat (/biːt/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: nhịp đập
– Giải thích nghĩa: The steady rhythm that forms the background of a piece of music, to which all the other music is added.
– Câu ví dụ: “The beat of this song makes me want to dance.”
4. Rhythm (/ˈrɪð.əm/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: nhịp điệu
– Giải thích nghĩa: The pattern of regular or irregular pulses caused in music by the occurrence of strong and weak melodic and harmonic beats.
– Câu ví dụ: “The rhythm of this song is complex but compelling.”
5. Lyrics (/ˈlɪr.ɪks/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: lời bài hát
– Giải thích nghĩa: The words of a song.
– Câu ví dụ: “The lyrics of this song are so heartfelt.”
6. Composition (/ˌkɑːm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: phần tạo thành
– Giải thích nghĩa: The process of creating a new piece of music.
– Câu ví dụ: “Her latest composition has been hailed as a masterpiece.”
7. Chord (/kɔːrd/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: hợp âm
– Giải thích nghĩa: Three or more musical notes played at the same time.
– Câu ví dụ: “The song starts with a minor chord.”
8. Genre (/ˈʒɑːn.rə/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: thể loại
– Giải thích nghĩa: A category of artistic composition, as in music, characterized by a particular style, form, or content.
– Câu ví dụ: “I enjoy multiple musical genres.”
9. Tempo (/ˈtem.poʊ/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: nhịp độ
– Giải thích nghĩa: The speed at which a piece of music should be played.
– Câu ví dụ: “The tempo of this piece is very fast.”
10. Tune (/tuːn/)
– Nghĩa tiếng Việt: giai điệu
– Giải thích nghĩa: A series of musical notes, especially one that is pleasant and easy to remember.
– Câu ví dụ: “I can’t get that tune out of my head!”