Chữa đề ielts listening cam 17 test 1 part 1
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Chữa reading cam 18 test 1 passage 1
Reading Passage 1: Urban Farming
In Paris, urban farmers are trying a soil-free approach to agriculture that uses less space and fewer resources. Could it help cities face the threats to our food supplies?
On top of a striking new exhibition hall in southern Paris, the world’s largest urban rooftop farm has started to bear fruit. Strawberries that are small, intensely flavoured and resplendently red sprout abundantly from large plastic tubes. Peer inside and you see the tubes are completely hollow, the roots of dozens of strawberry plants dangling down inside them. From identical vertical tubes nearby burst row upon row of lettuces; near those are aromatic herbs, such as basil, sage and peppermint. Opposite, in narrow, horizontal trays packed not with soil but with coconut fibre, grow cherry tomatoes, shiny aubergines and brightly coloured chards.
Pascal Hardy, an engineer and sustainable development consultant, began experimenting with vertical farming and aeroponic growing towers – as the soil-free plastic tubes are known – on his Paris apartment block roof five years ago. The urban rooftop space above the exhibition hall is somewhat bigger: 14,000 square metres and almost exactly the size of a couple of football pitches. Already, the team of young urban farmers who tend it have picked, in one day, 3,000 lettuces and 150 punnets of strawberries. When the remaining two thirds of the vast open area are in production, 20 staff will harvest up to 1,000 kg of perhaps 35 different varieties of fruit and vegetables, every day. ‘We’re not ever, obviously, going to feed the whole city this way,’ cautions Hardy. ‘In the urban environment you’re working with very significant practical constraints, clearly, on what you can do and where. But if enough unused space can be developed like this, there’s no reason why you shouldn’t eventually target maybe between 5% and 10% of consumption.’
Perhaps most significantly, however, this is a real-life showcase for the work of Hardy’s flourishing urban agriculture consultancy, Agripolis, which is currently fielding enquiries from around the world to design, build and equip a new breed of soil-free inner-city farm. ‘The method’s advantages are many,’ he says. ‘First, I don’t much like the fact that most of the fruit and vegetables we eat have been treated with something like 17 different pesticides, or that the intensive farming techniques that produced them are such huge generators of greenhouse gases. I don’t much like the fact, either, that they’ve travelled an average of 2,000 refrigerated kilometres to my plate, that their quality is so poor, because the varieties are selected for their capacity to withstand such substantial journeys, or that 80% of the price I pay goes to wholesalers and transport companies, not the producers.’
‘Produce grown using this soil-free method, on the other hand – which relies solely on a small quantity of water, enriched with organic nutrients, pumped around a closed circuit of pipes, towers and trays – is ‘produced up here, and sold locally, just down there. It barely travels at all,’ Hardy says. ‘You can select crop varieties for their flavour, not their resistance to the transport and storage chain, and you can pick them when they’re really at their best, and not before.’ No soil is exhausted, and the water that gently showers the plants’ roots every 12 minutes is recycled, so the method uses 90% less water than a classic intensive farm for the same yield.
Urban farming is not, of course, a new phenomenon. Inner-city agriculture is booming from Shanghai to Detroit and Tokyo to Bangkok. Strawberries are being grown in disused shipping containers, mushrooms in underground carparks. Aeroponic farming, he says, is ‘virtuous’. The equipment weighs little, can be installed on almost any flat surface and is cheap to buy: roughly €100 to €150 per square metre. It is cheap to run, too, consuming a tiny fraction of the electricity used by some techniques.
Produce grown this way typically sells at prices that, while generally higher than those of classic intensive agriculture, are lower than soil-based organic growers. There are limits to what farmers can grow this way, of course, and much of the produce is suited to the summer months. ‘Root vegetables we cannot do, at least not yet,’ he says. ‘Radishes are OK, but carrots, potatoes, that kind of thing – the roots are simply too long. Fruit trees are obviously not an option. And beans tend to take up a lot of space for not much return.’ Nevertheless, urban farming of the kind being practised in Paris is one part of a bigger and fast-changing picture that is bringing food production closer to our lives.
Questions 1-3: Sentence Completion
Complete the sentences below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
- Vertical tubes are used to grow strawberries, ______ and herbs.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: lettuces
Vị trí: Đoạn 2: “From identical vertical tubes nearby burst row upon row of lettuces…”
Giải thích: Bài đọc liệt kê các loại cây trồng trong ống thẳng đứng (vertical tubes) gồm strawberries, herbs và “lettuces”. - There will eventually be a daily harvest of as much as ______ in weight of fruit and vegetables.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: 1,000 kg
Vị trí: Đoạn 3: “…20 staff will harvest up to 1,000 kg of perhaps 35 different varieties…”
Giải thích: Cụm từ “daily harvest” tương ứng với “harvest… every day” trong bài. Trọng lượng được đề cập là 1,000 kg. - It may be possible that the farm’s produce will account for as much as 10% of the city’s ______ overall.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: consumption / food consumption
Vị trí: Đoạn 3: “…target maybe between 5% and 10% of consumption.”
Giải thích: Bài đọc nói về mục tiêu cung cấp (target) khoảng 10% lượng tiêu thụ (consumption) của thành phố.
Questions 4-7: Table Completion
Complete the table below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
| Intensive farming | Aeroponic urban farming |
|---|---|
|
– wide range of (4) ______ used – quality not good – (6) ______ receive very little of overall income – techniques pollute air – varieties chosen that can survive long (5) ______ |
– no soil used – produce chosen because of its (7) ______ |
-
Đáp án câu 4
Đáp án: pesticides
Vị trí: Đoạn 4: “…treated with something like 17 different pesticides…”
Giải thích: “Wide range” tương ứng với “17 different”. Thứ được sử dụng là thuốc trừ sâu (pesticides). -
Đáp án câu 5
Đáp án: journeys
Vị trí: Đoạn 4: “…withstand such substantial journeys…”
Giải thích: “Survive long” tương ứng với “withstand such substantial”. Từ cần điền là journeys. -
Đáp án câu 6
Đáp án: producers
Vị trí: Đoạn 4: “…80% of the price I pay goes to wholesalers… not the producers.”
Giải thích: Bài viết nói phần lớn tiền không đến tay “producers” (nhà sản xuất), tức là họ nhận được rất ít (receive very little). -
Đáp án câu 7
Đáp án: flavour / flavor
Vị trí: Đoạn 5: “You can select crop varieties for their flavour…”
Giải thích: Đối với phương pháp Aeroponic, giống cây được chọn dựa trên hương vị (flavour) chứ không phải khả năng chịu vận chuyển.
Questions 8-13: True / False / Not Given
- Urban farming can take place above or below ground.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: TRUE
Vị trí: Đoạn 6: “Strawberries are being grown in disused shipping containers, mushrooms in underground carparks.”
Giải thích: Bài đọc đề cập việc trồng trên mái nhà (above ground) ở đoạn đầu và nấm trồng ở “underground carparks” (below ground) ở đoạn 6. Thông tin khớp hoàn toàn. - Some of the equipment used in aeroponic farming can be made by hand.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: NOT GIVEN
Vị trí: Đoạn 6: “The equipment weighs little… and is cheap to buy…”
Giải thích: Bài đọc có nhắc đến thiết bị (equipment) nhẹ và rẻ, nhưng không có thông tin nào nói về việc làm thủ công (made by hand). - Urban farming relies more on electricity than some other types of farming.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: FALSE
Vị trí: Đoạn 6: “…consuming a tiny fraction of the electricity used by some techniques.”
Giải thích: Bài đọc nói nó tiêu thụ một lượng điện rất nhỏ (tiny fraction) so với các kỹ thuật khác, trái ngược với “relies more” (phụ thuộc nhiều hơn) trong câu hỏi. - Fruit and vegetables grown on an aeroponic urban farm are cheaper than traditionally grown organic produce.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: TRUE
Vị trí: Đoạn 7: “…prices that… are lower than soil-based organic growers.”
Giải thích: Bài đọc xác nhận giá bán thấp hơn (lower) so với sản phẩm hữu cơ trồng trên đất (soil-based organic). - Most produce can be grown on an aeroponic urban farm at any time of the year.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: FALSE
Vị trí: Đoạn 7: “…much of the produce is suited to the summer months.”
Giải thích: Bài đọc nói phần lớn sản phẩm phù hợp với các tháng mùa hè (summer months), trái ngược với “any time of the year” (bất kỳ thời điểm nào trong năm). - Beans take longer to grow on an urban farm than other vegetables.
Xem đáp án & Giải thích
Đáp án: NOT GIVEN
Vị trí: Đoạn 7: “And beans tend to take up a lot of space for not much return.”
Giải thích: Bài đọc có nhắc đến đậu (beans) nhưng lý do không trồng là vì tốn diện tích (space) và lợi nhuận thấp (not much return), không hề nhắc đến thời gian trồng lâu hay mau (take longer).
Speaking: staying up late
1. Do you usually stay up late?
Yes, I am. I think I’m a night owl and staying up late has become one of my habits. In fact, I’m more productive and creative when I study or work in the evening or even at night. I guess this is the case since I can take advantage of the quietness and peacefulness of the night to get things done.
2. When was the last time you stayed up late? Why?
As I have mentioned, going to sleep late is one of my habits so I do it almost everyday. So the last time I stayed up late was yesterday to revise and prepare for the exam.
3. Did you like staying up late when you were a child? Oh yes, it used to be my dream when I was young but my parents didn’t allow me to do that. They are pretty strict and want me to stick to a healthy sleeping habit.
Hướng dẫn viết câu support bài essay
Which -> giải thích rõ hơn cho mệnh đề trước đó
Violence games pose a threat to antisocial behaviours, which will increase crime rates
(which thay cho cả ý trước đó)
Note ( Nếu không dùng which -> this) : 2 câu
Violence games pose a threat to antisocial behaviours. This will increase crime rates
Resulting in=leading to (+ cụm từ) -> Kết quả của sự việc
More and more vehicles are on the roads, resulting in increasing traffic jams and accidents
Making it +(tính từ hoặc cụm từ) -> Bình luận
The population reached 100 million in 2022, making it the highest over 10 years.
For example -> Đưa ra ví dụ
Nowadays, young people do not tend to live with their old parents all over the world. For example, In the USA, according to a recent survey, 90% of youngsters want to live on their own.
Bài mẫu pie chart
(252 words)
The Two pie charts compare how Science students chose majors in 2015 and 2016.
Overall, It can be seen that the major subjects which were chosen by most students in 2015, 2016 were Physics, Chemistry respectively.
Regarding 2015, the percentage of students choosing Physics was the highest, which accounted for 35%. Next, chemistry has a bit lower percentage(30%) compared to Physics. Botany accounted for 25% which was 5% lower than chemistry. Interestingly, the proportion of students studying biology was the lowest, accounting for 10%.
In terms of 2016, Chemistry saw a dramatic increase in 2016, and it also accounted for the largest percentage 40%. Next, there was a rapid decrease in physics, from 35% in 2015 to 25% in 2016. And then, The percentage of students studying biology saw a significant rise to 15%. Botany was the less popular chosen subject which decreased strongly from 25% in 2015 to 10% in 2016.
speaking part 2: shopping for clothes
Describe a place where you go shopping for clothes
You should say:
- Where you usually go
- how often you shop for clothes
- how you choose your clothes
- and explain why you go there
Shopping is my hobby. so I often spend my free time doing shopping. I used to buy clothes from various stores, from small ones to shopping malls. But now I am really interested in buying clothes from a store called “ABC” that is about 1 km away from my home.
Since I Knew this store, I often go there twice or three times a month to get my beautiful clothes. You know, I think this store quite satisfies my need because it provides a wide range of clothes, materials, sizes so I can choose outfits that suit me well.
To get suitable clothes, I will choose style first. I am a young person so dynamic clothes will fit me best. Next, I pay attention to material. I love leather most because it makes me more masculine.
Besides, Prices at the store are affordable, only 20-30 dollars. Shop assistants here are very friendly and hospitable. They always help me find the clothes that I very love. I also like the guarantee program of the shop. After bringing clothes home, If I do not like them anymore, in ten days I can bring them back to the store and get full 100% cashback. I think this store is my best choice when buying clothes in my city (Thay Anh IELTS)
speaking part 3: Air pollution
Causes
Air pollution is due to various causes, such as burning fossil fuels and emission of hazardous pollutants released by factories and automobiles, e.g Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
Effects
- Air pollution causes many health problems, such as respiratory diseases, eye irritation, and premature newborn babies.
- Air pollution can destroy the ozone layer that protects us from the harmful rays of the sun and consequently, air pollution contributes to global warming.
- Air pollution damages natural resources and leads to ecosystem degradation and poor air quality.
Solution
- Air pollution can be reduced by implementing energy efficiency programmes, introducing vehicle emission standard, expanding car replacement programmes
- Extending environmentally-friendly means of transport, expanding transport facilities: park-and-ride-terminal, providing carpool facilities
- Regular check-ups for cars should be obligatory
- Using more efficient engines and modern exhaust-filtering devices
- Using cleaner fuels
- Developing tree planting programmes
Discussion questions:
Why is air pollution a global health concern?
Because air pollution creates many health problems that would reduce people’s life quality all over the world. Furthermore, air pollution contributes to the damage of the Ozone layer without which we cannot survive. Last but not least, it also destroys the habitat of wild animals, affecting negatively to ecology system.
2. Do you think anti-pollution measures should be a high priority?
Yes absolutely, because air pollution is global health concern. I think people all over the world and their governments should prioritize the programmes for acting against air pollution. All nations need hand in hand to build a world without air pollution.
3. What can large cities do to improve their air quality?
Firstly, They need to carry out energy efficiency programmes, like introducing vehicle emission standards. So a large number of cars which produce excessive exhaust fume are not allowed to be on roads.
Secondly, Cities should develop public transportation. This can helps reduce the number of cars and traffic jams.
Finally, Cities encourage citizens to use electric cars that don’t produce exhaust fume.
Collocation – Family
Thầy a nh hướng dẫn “mẹo” nghe part 1
Sơ lược qua part 1 ( trước gọi là section 1 nhé)
Đoạn hội thoại mô tả cuộc trò chuyện liên quan việc đăng ký, mua sắm dịch vụ gì đó: khách sạn, nhà hàng, sản phẩm…
Part 1 là phần nghe dễ nhất trong 4 phần nghe của IELTS
Bạn Cần trả lời 10 câu liên quan đến nội dung bài nghe như: tên người, số tiền, số điện thoại, tuổi… và một số thông tin khác
Các từ cần điền là từ có nói (đề cập) ở trong bài, không được điền từ ở bên ngoài vào. Trừ vài trường hợp liên quan Anh-Anh và Anh-Mỹ. Ví dụ Có 1 câu đáp án là “Car park” mà bạn đã nghe trong bài. Tuy nhiên bạn cũng có thể điền là “parking lot” . Tốt nhất là điền từ mà mình nghe được các bạn nhé.
Một số mẹo nghe cho part 1 cùng Thầy Anh IELTS
Làm rõ số từ, số cần điền
One word and/or a number: bạn chỉ có thể viết 1 từ, 1 số hoặc 1 từ + 1 số nhé!
Bảng Alphabet
Bài nghe chắc chắn có đánh vần tên nên bạn cần thuộc bảng chữ cái Alphabet nhé và luyện trước nhé.
Tránh phát âm sai H /eɪtʃ/ và 8 /eɪt/ và chú ý sự khác nhau âm đuôi giữa H và 8 nhé. Rất nhiều bạn sẽ sai khi phải điền dãy post code như: jeb8fh
Cẩn thận tránh mắc bẫy.
Ví dụ như sau:
Câu hỏi: what is the price of one night at hotel?
Các bạn nghe: The price used to be 200 dollars. But today is our 20th anniversary, so we offer you a 20% sale off. You will be charged 160 dollars instead.
Một số bạn sẽ điền 200, vậy là không đúng nhé. Các bạn chú ý từ khóa màu xanh, và đáp án là 160
-> Nên tốt nhất là điền 2 con số vào nháp rồi cân nhắc nhé (nếu bạn đang phân vân)
Cụm từ đồng nghĩa
Các bạn cần có vốn từ vựng nhất định vì đôi khi bài yêu cầu người nghe phải biết được các cụm từ đồng nghĩa ( điều này rõ nhất ở part 2 trở đi nhé) . Ví dụ
Câu hỏi: where will the meeting be held?
Các bạn nghe: the meeting will be taken place in room 2
Ở đây “held” đồng nghĩa với “taken place”
Luyện tập một bài bên dưới đây cùng Thầy Anh IELTS các bạn nhé!